Line-measure.



PATBNTED APR. .26, 1904.

s. KLINE. LINE MEASURE.

APPLIUATION FILED JULY 13, 1903.

a ms w w v w m Patented April 26, 1904..

PATENT OFFICE.

SAMUEL KLINE, OF JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY.

LINE-MEASURE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N0. 758,320, dated April 26, 1904. c

I Application filed Ju1yl3,1903. Serial No. 165,389. (No model.)

- ized in certain applications where the employment of.orthodox systems of measurement and indication are either not desirable or convenient.

In the succeeding disclosure of the invention I have set forth the same in connection with the weaving of fabrics, whereby the length of the material in the unwoven warp will be indicated in a novel manner, the quantity of material woven from the same warp readily determinable, and the points or divisions where the fabric is to be severed in any desired lengths will be clearly shown, all of course to those who have become familiarized with the system, it being understood that a key to the system is provided to enable such understanding. As also hereinafter described, the novel means are embodied in connection with acord, thread, or like-conditioned length of flexible material, which can be beamed with the warp and run off therewith to become suitably associated or incorporated with the resultant woven fabric.

In practice I prefer to apply the indicating marks or characters of the improved measure to acord, thread, &c., and beam the same with the warp, so that it willbecome an indicatingwarp and be the first at one side of the group or series of warps run OE and also appear at the corresponding edge of the woven fabric, this arrangement facilitating the location and reading of the indicating marks or characters and computations based thereon.

There are other important features connected with the invention which in addition to those previously alluded to are clearly described in the subsequent detailed description.

In the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, Figurel is a detail perspective view showing the relation of the indicating cord or thread in the warp as it is run off the beam and also showing its position in a section of woven fabric. Fig. 2 is a table disclosing the fundamental characters of one form of the system. Figs. 3 and l'illustrat'e examples of groups or combinations illustrating numbers of certain valuations. Figs. 5 and 6 are views illustrating the initial and terminal portions, respectively, of the indicating cord or thread and showing more particularly one of the many means that can be adopted for differentiating the one from the other.

While I will particularly describe my invention as being utilized in the art of weaving, I desire it distinctly understood that the employment of the improved measure is not restricted thereto and will be useful in numerous connections where linear indications are desired.

Referring now more particularly to Fig. 1, a designates the warps, which will be understood as having been beamed with the indicating and measuring warp a, which, as shown, is represented as the first at one side, the entire series being run 0K in the direction indicated by the arrow in the operation of weaving the fabric'A. The warp a may be of the same or different material as the warps a, and it may be of the same or different texture. This thread a has applied thereto by coloring or otherwise the improved system of .marks or characters, of which five groups or combinations, of to a, inclusive, are illustrated. I may dispose the marks or characters of the system with reference to quarters, halves, three-quarters,- and whole yards, or halves and full yards, or full yards alone; but for the sake of accuracyv it will generally be desirable to avoid indications for fractions less than onequarter yard. This cord or thread, provided with the system of marks or characters to form the indicating and measuring warp, will be of r a length somewhat greater than that of the regular warps a, said cord or thread being spooled to render it commercially convenient, a key being provided for an understanding of the system. In spooling this warp cord or thread a it will be wound on the spool so that in the subsequent unwinding that portion of remaining on the same.

' gives it the value of the numeral 2.

the cord or thread containing the mark or character corresponding with yard No. 1 or with the primary fractional division thereof will be paid off first, the other marks or characters following in the order of their. succes:

beamed, the other marks or characters repre:

senting successively-decreasing values following. By this means the attendant, by noting the mark exposed nearest at the beam, can instantly determine the length of the warps Moreover, by knowing the total capacity of the measureconsidered from a datum-point represented by the commencement of the initial division of the measure he can by mental subtraction accurately compute the length of the fabric woven. One adaptation of the system of marks is illustrated in Fig. 2, wherein a character of one-quarter of an inch in length may represent the digit .l, applying to the first yard, a charactertwo-quarter inches in length the digit 2, applying to the secondv yard, and so on, increasing by quarter-inches up to and including nine yards. A mark, however, of tenone-quarter. inches will represent a 0, which beingpreceded by a suitable mark will convert the indication to the value of ten or multiplications thereof up to one hundred. The suflixing of a character to that representing a naught and which is necessarily preceded by a qualifying-mark will convert the indication to one of a value of one hundred or more. For instance, referring to the example disclosed in Fig. 3 it will be seen that the first character at the left is a short mark of about one-eighth of an' inch in length. This constitutes what may be properly designated a guide-mark and should precede plural character designations in order to indicate the direction from which the reading is to be conducted. In addition to distinguishing the guide-mark by its exceedinglyrestricted length I further differentiate it from the numeral characters by only permitting a one-eighth inch space to intervene between it and the next succeeding mark forming the first character of the plural number, the spaces between the number-marks being one-quarter inch in length in order to render them readily discernable over the space following the guide-mark. In the simple series of figures ranging from 1 to 9 the guide-mark will not be necessary.

Continuing the explanation with regard to Fig. 3, it will be observed that the mark immediately following the guide-mark is equal in length to two one-quarter inches, which blank quarter of an inch then intervenes, and next is a mark equal to nine one-quarter ing the numeral indication 295.

inches, which gives the value of the numeral 9. Another blank quarter of an inch follows, and a final mark then ensues and of a length equal to five one-quarter inches. Therefore by reading to the right from the guidemark a composite character results, represent- This will represent its appropriate linear division in the warp or fabric, whether disposed for quarters, larger fractions, or whole yards. By extend- .ing. the 9 mark of Fig. 3 one additional quarter of an inch, as shown in Fig. 4, such mark will obviously contain ten one-quarter inches and represent a 0, so that the resulting composite indication will represent the value of 202.

Manifestly any aggregations of markscan .be produced that will represent any desired values of figures.

The warp a will be so arranged that the end of any indicating character therein or termination of the mark of a composite character thereon will terminate at the beginning of the succeeding division of measurement, thereby permitting such terminations to be adopted as the points where the fabric is to be cut or severed into desired lengths. This arrangement also permits the composite characters to be definitely included within the particular yards to which they pertain.

In Fig. 1 divisions of two inches are employed to each represent one yard, while the guide-marks and spaces immediately following are each one-sixteenth inch long. The intervening spaces of the numeral-marks are each one-eighth of an 'inch long and the numeral-marks being read as in one-eighth inches. Therefore the indication nearest the beam represents 22, that next succeeding 23, and so on, the fabric A illustrated as containing the twenty-sixth yard.

Of course the marks and characters can be proportioned and applied to accommodate any scale of linear measurement-as, for instance, the metric system.

With a view of insuring convenience and accuracy of adjustment of the indicating-warp a I prefer that the same shall provide an excess portion at one or both ends to permit some of the warp to be run ofi" before the system comes into application and likewise provide for a spare amount at the conclusion of the weaving operation. It will also be desirable to mark spare or excess portions to distinguish the initial from the terminal end of the warp (d, a matter of considerable importance-when the same'isused without being spooled or has not been properly placed on the spool. Such special indication of the excess ends may involve any of a variety of peculiar markings that will serve to indicate their particular ends and yet avoid confusion with the guide and numeral marks of the system. In

Fig. 5 I have represented the initial portion of the warp a, the same being provided with a continuous mark 'of pronounced length,

The cord a may be of any color and themarks thereon of any color that will contrasttherewith. A plurality of such indicating- I warps may be used with a plurality of beams,

and the indications will then further serve to show whether the warp of one beam is being run ofi faster or slower than that of the other beam or beams.

The improved measure will prove of con siderable assistance in inventorying both warps and woven material.

The employment of the invention in weaving operations will obviate the necessity for setting the dial-indicators or adjusting attachments for tape-measuring devices now in vogue.

The warps a can be woven in with the fabri'c in the same material and strength as the other warps.

I do not wish to be understood as limiting myself to the particular arrangemento'f features and parts shown and described, but reserve the right to all modifications that may be within the scope of my invention.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is r 1. A means for indicating and determining linear measurement consisting of a comparatively long portion of material whereon the numbers designating the distances of the several division-points in the length thereof from a given datum-point are indicated by sectional markings extending longitudinally of the portion, each digit of said numbers being designated by a distinct section, the length whereof for the same digit is fixed, the lengths of the different significant digits being directly proportional to their respective numerical values, being designated by a section longer than that for 9, and the numbers above 9 being designated by properly grouping these sections in longitudinally-extending series.

2. Ameans for indicating and determining linear measurement consisting of a comparatively long portion of material whereon the numbers designating the distancesof the several division-points in the length thereof from a given datum-point are indicated by sectional markings extending longitudinally of the portion, each digit of said numbers being designated by a distinct section, the length whereof for the same digit is fixed, the lengths of the different significant digits being directly proportional to their respective numerical values, 0 being represented by a section longer than that for 9, and the numbers above 9, being designated by properly grouping the sections in longitudinally extending series, and prefix guidemarks for the differentlsectional markings and groups thereof, for indicating the direction of reading.

3. A means for indicating and determining linear measurement consisting of a comparatively long portion of flexible material, whereon the numbers designating the distances of 1 the several divisionepoints in the length thereof from a given datum-point are indicated by sectional markings extending longitudinally of the portion, each digit of said numbers'being designated by a distinct section, the length whereof for the same digit is fixed, the lengths 1 of thedifferent significant digits being directly proportional to their respective numerical'values, 0 being represented by a section longer than that for 9, and the numerals above 9, being designated by properly grouping the sections in longitudinallyextending series.

4. A woven fabric having associated therewith, an indicating and measuring means comprising a comparatively long portion of flexible material, whereon the numbers designating the distances of the several divisionpoints in the length thereof from a given datum-point are indicated by sectional markings extending longitudinally'of the portion, each digit of said numbers being designated by a distinct section, the length whereof for the same digit is fixed, the length of the different significant digits being directly proportional to their respective numerical values, 0 being represented by a section longer than that for 9, and the numerals above 9 being designated by properly grouping the sections in longitudinally extending series.

Signed at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, this 7th day of July, A. D. 1903.

SAMUEL .KLINE. 

